PTA
Audit & PTA grounds
Line-by-line audit of the FTT determination to identify arguable errors of law and materiality.
- Issue list & authorities
- Targeted PTA grounds
- Materiality analysis
Appeals • Upper Tribunal (IAC)
Upper Tribunal Appeals — Permission to Appeal & error-of-law strategy
We audit the FTT decision, draft targeted PTA grounds, handle renewed permission if refused, and run UT case management and advocacy — focused on material errors of law and the right remedy (set aside, remit, or re-make).
What we do for Upper Tribunal appeals
Pinpoint the error of law, meet strict PTA deadlines, and secure the right remedy for your case.
Renewal
Renewed permission
If permission is refused on the papers, we prepare a renewed PTA application to the UT.
- Refusal analysis
- Renewed grounds & skeleton
- Hearing advocacy (if listed)
Directions
Case management
We manage UT directions, consolidation, and any procedural applications.
- Timetables & compliance
- Adjournments / stays (if needed)
- Authorities & skeleton updates
Outcome
Remedy & advocacy
Focused EOL submissions; strategy for set aside, remit to FTT, or re-make at UT.
- Error-of-law hearing
- Appropriate remedy strategy
- Re-make advocacy (if applicable)
What counts as an “error of law”?
We focus on arguable legal or procedural mistakes that were material to the outcome.
Law
Misdirection / wrong test
The FTT applied the wrong legal test or misunderstood the rules/caselaw.
- Incorrect legal framework
- Ignored binding guidance
Fairness
Procedural unfairness
You couldn’t fairly present your case, or reasons were inadequate.
- Surprise points / no notice
- Failure to engage with key evidence
Findings
Irrationality
Findings that are perverse or unsupported by the evidence.
- Findings with no basis
- Contradictions / inconsistency
Materiality
Made a difference
The error must be capable of affecting the outcome — we show why.
- Clear causal link
- Remedy rationale (remit/re-make)
How your Upper Tribunal appeal runs
From PTA drafting to EOL hearing and remedy — with deadlines protected at every stage.
- 1
Audit & PTA grounds
We review the FTT determination and draft targeted permission grounds with authorities.
- 2
File PTA in time
We confirm the exact deadline, file on time, or explain delay and seek an extension where rules allow.
- 3
PTA decision
If granted: proceed to EOL stage. If refused: we prepare a renewed PTA to the UT with refined grounds.
- 4
Error-of-law hearing
Concise skeleton; focused submissions on the pleaded grounds; remedy sought and justified.
- 5
Outcome & remedy
Set aside and remit to FTT, or re-make at UT where appropriate — we run the next stage.
- 6
Post-decision steps
Directions compliance, re-listing strategy, or further appeals (where viable).
Documents we’ll use
We base our grounds on the record below and add targeted authorities and supporting material.
FTT record
- FTT determination & reasons
- Hearing notes / recording (if available)
- FTT bundle & exhibits
- Directions & case file
PTA documents
- Permission grounds
- Skeleton argument
- Core authorities bundle
- Renewed PTA (if needed)
Supporting material
- Country guidance / COI extracts
- Policy/guidance references
- Expert/medical reports (where relevant)
- Translations / certified copies
Remedy stage
- Remittal plan / re-make strategy
- Directions compliance
- Updated statements (if allowed)
- Consolidated authorities
Note: New evidence is limited at the error-of-law stage; we focus on the legal record and permissible material.
Fees & timelines
Transparent scope and deadlines, with focused drafting and advocacy at each stage.
Tribunal
What to expect
- PTA decision (papers)We’ll confirm
- Renewed PTA listingVaries by centre
- Error-of-law hearingCase-by-case
- Remit / re-makeDepends on outcome
We diarise every deadline, request directions where needed, and keep you updated.
Professional
Our fixed-fee packages
- PTA drafting (papers)Fixed fee quote
- Renewed PTA (oral)Quoted per scope
- Skeleton & authoritiesFixed fee quote
- EOL hearing advocacyQuoted per scope
Scope set out in writing — no hidden extras. Staged payments available on request.
Common issues we solve
We sharpen grounds to the real legal issues and demonstrate materiality.
Wrong legal test
Misdirection on the rules or caselaw; we cite the correct framework.
Inadequate reasons
FTT failed to explain findings or ignored key evidence.
Procedural unfairness
Surprise points, refusal to adjourn, or issues with interpreters.
Irrational findings
Findings not supported by the evidence or internally inconsistent.
Materiality
Showing how the error could have affected the outcome.
Remedy choice
Set aside & remit vs re-make — what’s best for your case.
Upper Tribunal Appeals — FAQs
Quick answers about PTA, errors of law, evidence, and remedies.
A legal or procedural mistake (e.g., wrong test, unfairness, irrational findings, inadequate reasons) that could have affected the outcome. We show both the error and its materiality.
We can apply for renewed permission to the UT, refining grounds and presenting a concise skeleton for the renewal hearing.
UT focuses on legal error rather than new facts. New evidence is limited at EOL stage; more may be allowed if the case is remitted or re-made. We’ll advise what’s admissible.
The UT can set aside the FTT decision and either remit the case to the FTT to be heard again, or re-make the decision itself where appropriate.
Ready to run a targeted Upper Tribunal appeal?
We’ll draft precise PTA grounds, handle renewals, and deliver focused EOL submissions — aiming for the right remedy: set aside, remit, or re-make.